11 Essential Things to See in Lima’s Historical Centre

Most tourists stay in Miraflores when they come to visit Lima. But one of the main tourist spots in the capital of Peru is Lima’s historical centre, where you will find places like the Presidential Palace, Lima’s Cathedral and the famous Catacombs of the San Francisco Basilica. 

In this tour of Lima’s historical centre, which is also Lima’s downtown, I’ll talk about the highlights of the free walking tour that took us from Miraflores to Lima’s downtown using public transport and share some tips on what not to miss. 

If you want to see more of Lima’s historical centre, get the vibe and understand how it feels to get there, check out the YouTube video I filmed that day.

Of course, there is so much more to explore in Lima, but even if you want to see everything in the centre of Lima, you’ll need more than one day. 

After the tour, I went shopping because I was tired from all this sightseeing. But if you have the time and the energy, end this visiting day in Chinatown, which is just a few meters away from this part of Lima. 

Now, without further ado, here are the top places to see in the colonial part of the Peruvian capital, Lima’s historical centre. 

How to visit the centre of Lima?

You can visit Lima’s historical centre yourself, or take a free walking tour.

If you are staying in the tourist areas in Lima, such as Miraflores or Barranco, all you need to do is to head over to the Tourist Information office and ask about the current yours or take a look at the brochures. 

I stayed in Miraflores, and I joined the free walking tour there. The tour started at 10:30 AM, right at the office. The tour guide took the entire group (it is a popular tour) to the centre of Lima, using public transport. 

At first, it seemed daunting to use public transport in Lima, but after doing this with a guide, I found it very easy and accessible, and you should try it too. 

There are different types of means of transport in Lima, but to get from Miraflores to Lima’s downtown, you can take the metropolitan bus, which is something between a bus and a metro because it has special infrastructure and moves super fast. 

If you’re staying in Miraflores, you have a few different stops close to the metropolitan bus.

When we went with the tour guide, we used the Benavides station Metropolitan (click for Google Maps location), which is located on the Vía Expresa Luis Fernán Bedoya Reyes. Get the C bus (Sur – Norte direction), and then get off at the Central Station (Estación Central). The ride should take around 30 minutes. 

You can also take an Uber, but it will probably take longer because Lima is a big city and it’s quite crowded.

I’d recommend taking the bus at least once, as this metropolitan bus is much nicer and easier to use for foreigners than the normal buses you’ll see on the street.

This way, you can truly experience the everyday life of Peruvians living in Lima. 

Is the centre of Lima safe?

Yes, it is very safe, and a lot of tourists walk around the centre of Lima every day.

Actually, the centre of Lima is really touristy, and has a lot of attractions and places to visit, that it will take you one full day of non-stop sightseeing just to see the essentials. 

If you are really keen to see it all, then you will probably have to return here for a second day, and that will allow you to explore this part of Lima more deeply. 

But it is safe, and you will notice that most streets are specifically designed for pedestrian use; you’ll notice lots of cafes and restaurants that cater to foreigners.

The locals are very friendly and helpful, and you can always ask for help if you need anything. And it’s not just you who’s a tourist there. Even locals visit the centre of Lima, take pictures, and enjoy their time exploring or shopping. 

After the tour, I walked for a couple of hours on the famous Jirón de la Unión street, which is only for pedestrians, and it felt very safe even after it went dark outside. 

Is Lima’s centre worth the visit?

Yes, Lima’s historical centre is well worth a visit. Or maybe two.

In the end, it depends on what kind of travelling and visiting you like to do, but spending at least one day in the centre of Lima will help you understand the complex and amazing Peruvian culture and lifestyle much better. 

Peru, the country you see today, is offering you a culture that is deeply rooted in its history, and there’s no other place in the entire country that allows you to step back in time and allow you to experience the soul of it. 

And if that’s not convincing enough, you should also know that Lima’s historical centre has been part of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites since 1988. 

11 Top places to see in Lima’s historical centre

1. Plaza Mayor (Plaza de Armas)

Plaza Mayor (Plaza de Armas in Spanish) is the main square in Lima. This spot is the beating heart of Lima, offers a lively atmosphere, and it’s where all the action takes place. It encapsulates the colonial heritage and stands out as the epicentre of both administrative and religious power during the Spanish colonial period.

In this place the city of Lima was founded in 1535 by Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro. This historic square has been the centre of Lima’s political and social life for centuries, serving as the stage for many significant events in Peruvian history.

You cannot skip Plaza Mayor, as this is where you will find the most important buildings in the city. 

Main Attractions

• Government Palace (Palacio de Gobierno): Situated on the north side of the square, the Government Palace is the official residence of the President of Peru. The building, with its grand façade, is a symbol of Peru’s political authority. Get there at 11:45 AM to see the changing of the guard ceremony. The event happens daily.
• Lima Cathedral (Cathedral Basilica of Lima): This is one of the most important religious buildings in Peru. Its construction began in the 16th century, and it reflects a blend of Renaissance, Baroque, and Neoclassical architectural styles. Inside, the cathedral houses the tomb of Francisco Pizarro, along with numerous chapels and religious artefacts that offer a glimpse into Lima’s colonial past.
• Archbishop’s Palace is renowned for its ornate wooden balconies, which are among the finest examples of colonial architecture in the city. The palace serves as the official residence of the Archbishop of Lima and is a striking symbol of the Catholic Church’s influence in the region.
• Municipal Palace (City Hall): Stands as the seat of Lima’s local government. The building’s neoclassical design reflects the city’s architectural evolution and its role in Lima’s civic life. The palace is not only a hub for administrative activities but also a part of the historical fabric that makes Plaza Mayor a must-see destination in Lima.

2. Lima Cathedral

The Lima Cathedral, officially known as the Cathedral Basilica of Lima, stands as one of the most iconic and historically significant buildings in the city. Located on the eastern side of Plaza Mayor, this majestic cathedral has been a central figure in Lima’s religious and cultural life since its construction began in 1535.

The architecture of Lima Cathedral is a stunning blend of Renaissance, Baroque, and Neoclassical styles, reflecting the evolution of architectural trends over the centuries. 

The interior of the cathedral further showcases this architectural fusion. 

Inside Lima Cathedral, you’ll discover numerous chapels, but one of the most notable is the Chapel of La Virgen de la Evangelización. This chapel features a revered statue of the Virgin Mary, which is believed to have been brought to Lima by Francisco Pizarro himself. 

Another highlight of the cathedral is the Tomb of Francisco Pizarro, the Spanish conquistador who founded Lima. His remains are interred in a small, solemn chapel within the cathedral, marked by a simple yet poignant tomb. This tomb not only serves as a memorial to Pizarro but also as a reminder of the complex and often tumultuous history that shaped Lima and Peru.

3. San Francisco Church and Monastery

The San Francisco Church and Monastery (Iglesia y Convento de San Francisco), is one of Lima’s most remarkable religious and architectural landmarks. Located just a short walk from Plaza Mayor, this site is renowned not only for its stunning Baroque architecture but also for its eerie catacombs.

Inside, the Baroque style is even more pronounced. The main altar, with its richly decorated retablo, stands as a testament to the craftsmanship of the period. The interior of San Francisco Church is a visual feast, with every corner offering something new to admire.

Beneath the church lies one of its most intriguing features—the catacombs. These underground burial chambers, dating back to the colonial era, were used as a cemetery for the city’s elite and members of the religious community. As you descend into the catacombs, the atmosphere shifts to something more sombre and mysterious. 

The catacombs are an eerie but fascinating part of Lima’s history, offering a glimpse into the burial practices of the past. 

The San Francisco Monastery also houses an impressive museum that showcases a rich collection of religious art and historical artefacts. One of the highlights is the library, which contains thousands of antique texts, some of which date back to the early days of the Spanish conquest. Unfortunately, taking photos inside the library is not allowed. 

You can visit the San Francisco Church with a guided tour, but you don’t need to book anything in advance. You can simply show up, buy your ticket and wait for the next tour to start. Unfortunately, the tour guide only speaks Spanish, but that’s the only way to visit the monastery and catacombs of San Francisco in Lima. 

At the end of the tour, I took some pictures inside the monastery, but taking photos during the tour, and inside was not allowed. 

4. Casa de Aliaga

Casa de Aliaga is a living piece of history nestled in the heart of Lima. This colonial mansion, built in 1535, holds the distinction of being one of the oldest continuously inhabited houses in the Americas. 

The house has been passed down through 17 generations of the Aliaga family, maintaining its grandeur and historical significance for nearly five centuries.

Over the centuries, Casa de Aliaga has been meticulously preserved, making it a rare gem in the bustling city of Lima. 

The interior is a stunning showcase of period furnishings and art, reflecting the opulent lifestyle of the colonial aristocracy. 

The walls of Casa de Aliaga are lined with an impressive collection of colonial art, including portraits, religious paintings, and decorative pieces that have been carefully preserved over the centuries. 

The grand staircase, with its beautifully carved wooden bannister, leads to the upper floors, where you can explore more private chambers, each filled with exquisite details and historical charm.

One of the highlights of the interior is the ornate chapel, a space that has been used by the Aliaga family for generations.

. A tour of this mansion offers an intimate glimpse into the lives of Lima’s colonial aristocracy, making it a must-visit for history enthusiasts and those looking to experience the city’s past in a truly immersive way.

5. Plaza San Martín

Plaza San Martín is one of Lima’s most iconic public spaces, serving as a tribute to General José de San Martín, a key figure in South America’s struggle for independence from Spanish rule. 

This grand square, inaugurated in 1921 to commemorate the centenary of Peru’s independence, is not only a symbol of freedom but also a beautiful example of the city’s architectural elegance.

San Martín is revered as one of the great liberators of South America, alongside Simón Bolívar. His arrival in Lima in 1821 marked a turning point in the independence movement, and he was instrumental in declaring Peru’s independence on July 28, 1821. 

At the centre of Plaza San Martín stands an imposing bronze statue of General José de San Martín mounted on horseback, a powerful image that dominates the square. 

Surrounding the plaza are a series of elegant buildings that reflect the architectural grandeur of early 20th-century Lima. The most prominent of these is the Gran Hotel Bolívar, an iconic establishment that has hosted numerous dignitaries and celebrities over the years. 

Another notable building is the Club Nacional, a private social club that exemplifies the neoclassical style with its stately columns and elegant façade. The Teatro Colón and other colonial-style buildings around the plaza contribute to the cohesive architectural harmony, making Plaza San Martín not only a historical site but also a picturesque setting that reflects Lima’s cultural richness.

6. Jirón de la Unión

Jirón de la Unión is one of Lima’s most vibrant and historic streets, serving as a lively pedestrian thoroughfare that connects Plaza Mayor to Plaza San Martín. 

Once the city’s most fashionable street, Jirón de la Unión remains a bustling hub of activity, blending the charm of old Lima with modern urban energy.

As you stroll down Jirón de la Unión, you’ll find yourself immersed in a lively atmosphere where the past and present seamlessly merge. The street is lined with a mix of shops, cafes, and restaurants, making it a popular destination for both locals and tourists. 

When it comes to dining, the street is dotted with a variety of eateries ranging from casual cafes to traditional Peruvian restaurants. 

Jirón de la Unión is also home to several significant cultural landmarks that highlight Lima’s rich history and architectural heritage. 

One of the most notable buildings along this street is the Church of La Merced. This stunning colonial-era church, with its Baroque façade and intricately carved wooden doors, stands as a testament to Lima’s deep-rooted Catholic traditions. 

Other notable buildings along Jirón de la Unión include former grand residences and colonial-era establishments, each contributing to the street’s historical ambience. While many of these buildings have been repurposed into modern businesses, their architectural beauty remains a key feature of the street’s appeal.

7. Casa de la Literatura Peruana

Casa de la Literatura Peruana, located in the heart of Lima, is a cultural gem that celebrates the rich literary heritage of Peru. 

Housed in a beautifully restored former railway station, this unique cultural space is dedicated to promoting and preserving Peruvian literature.

Originally built as Lima’s main railway station, the building that now houses the Casa de la Literatura Peruana is an architectural marvel in itself. 

The Casa de la Literatura Peruana serves as a central hub for literary culture in Lima, offering everyone who steps inside an in-depth look at the contributions of Peruvian writers, poets, and intellectuals. 

The Casa de la Literatura Peruana hosts a variety of exhibitions and events that bring Peru’s literary heritage to life. 

One of the highlights of the Casa de la Literatura Peruana is its well-stocked library, which offers a wide selection of Peruvian literature for visitors to explore. The library is a peaceful space where one can sit and read, surrounded by the legacy of Peru’s literary greats.

8. Torre Tagle Palace

Torre Tagle Palace, located in the historic centre of Lima, is one of the most exquisite examples of colonial architecture in Peru. 

This stunning mansion, built in the early 18th century, is a testament to the grandeur and opulence of Lima’s colonial past and remains a vital link to the city’s rich historical heritage.

The most striking feature of Torre Tagle Palace is its intricate wooden balconies, which are among the finest examples of Moorish-influenced architecture in the Americas. 

The design of the balconies reflects a blend of Spanish and Moorish styles, highlighting the cultural influences that shaped Lima’s colonial architecture.

The overall design is a harmonious combination of Baroque and Andalusian elements, typical of the architecture in Lima during the colonial period. 

Torre Tagle Palace was commissioned in 1735 by José Bernardo de Tagle y Bracho, the Marquis of Torre Tagle, who was a prominent figure in colonial Lima and later became the Viceroy of Peru. The palace was intended to reflect the Marquis’s wealth and status, and it quickly became one of the most luxurious residences in the city. 

In the 20th century, the Peruvian government acquired the palace, and it was repurposed as the headquarters for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Today, while it still serves this official function, parts of the palace are open to the public, allowing visitors to explore its stunning architecture and historical significance.

9. Museo de Arte de Lima (MALI)

The Museo de Arte de Lima, commonly known as MALI, is one of the most important cultural institutions in Peru.

Located in the historic Palacio de la Exposición, this museum offers visitors a comprehensive journey through Peruvian art from ancient times to the present day. 

MALI boasts an impressive and diverse art collection that spans thousands of years, offering a deep dive into the artistic heritage of Peru. 

The Pre-Columbian Art section features artefacts from ancient civilisations such as the Moche, Nazca, and Inca. These pieces include intricately crafted pottery, textiles, and goldwork, showcasing the high level of skill and artistry achieved by Peru’s early cultures. The collection provides valuable insights into the daily life, religious practices, and social structures of these ancient peoples.

Moving forward in time, the Colonial Art section presents works that reflect the fusion of indigenous and European influences that characterised the colonial period. This collection includes religious paintings, sculptures, and furniture, many of which were created by indigenous artists trained in European techniques. The art from this era often depicts Christian themes, as well as the blending of Catholic and native iconography.

The Republican and Modern Art sections offer a glimpse into the evolution of Peruvian art from the 19th century to the mid-20th century. These works illustrate the country’s transition from colonial rule to independence and the subsequent search for a national identity. The collection includes portraits, landscapes, and scenes of daily life, reflecting the social and political changes of the time.

MALI’s Contemporary Art collection highlights the vibrant and diverse nature of modern Peruvian art. Featuring works by prominent contemporary artists, this section explores themes of identity, politics, and culture in a rapidly changing world. The collection includes paintings, sculptures, photography, and multimedia installations, offering a broad perspective on current artistic trends in Peru.

The museum also hosts a variety of special events, including lectures, workshops, and guided tours that enhance the visitor experience. 

10. Chinatown (Barrio Chino)

Lima’s Chinatown (Barrio Chino), is a vibrant and bustling neighborhood. You’ll now understand the cultural fusion between China and Peru that defines much of Peruvian identity. 

Located in the historic centre of Lima, this area is a lively hub of activity, blending Chinese traditions with Peruvian culture in a way that is both fascinating and delicious.

The significance of Chinese culture in Lima dates back to the mid-19th century when Chinese immigrants, primarily from the Guangdong province, arrived in Peru to work in agriculture, railroads, and domestic service. 

Over time, these immigrants established a strong community in Lima, contributing significantly to the city’s cultural and economic life. Barrio Chino became the heart of this community, growing into a vibrant district that showcases the rich legacy of Chinese influence in Peru.

Visiting Chinatown in Lima is a sensory experience unlike any other in the city. The streets are filled with colourful decorations, Chinese signage, and bustling markets where you can find everything from traditional Chinese herbs and teas to unique souvenirs and imported goods. 

One of the main attractions of Barrio Chino is its cuisine, particularly the famous Chifa restaurants. Chifa is a unique culinary tradition that blends Chinese flavours with Peruvian ingredients and cooking techniques, creating a fusion that is beloved throughout Peru. 

The term “Chifa” itself comes from the Cantonese phrase “chi fan,” meaning “to eat rice,” and it perfectly encapsulates the blending of these two cultures through food.

Chifa restaurants in Chinatown offer a wide variety of dishes that are both familiar and exotic, reflecting the adaptability of Chinese cuisine to local tastes. 

Popular dishes include arroz chaufa (fried rice), tallarín saltado (stir-fried noodles), and pollo tipakay (sweet and sour chicken). These dishes, while rooted in traditional Chinese cooking, have been infused with Peruvian spices, herbs, and ingredients, making them truly unique.

11. Cerro San Cristobal

Cerro San Cristóbal is one of Lima’s most prominent natural landmarks, offering a breathtaking panoramic view of the city and a deep connection to its religious and cultural history. 

While Cerro San Cristóbal isn’t exactly part of the historical centre of Lima, it is visible from there, and it creates an impressive contrast with the rest of the capital’s colonial centre. 

You can go on top of it if you’re looking for a different perspective of the capital, as it’s located over 400 meters above sea level. The viewpoint at the summit is particularly popular at sunset when the city is bathed in golden light.

Located in the Rímac district, this hill has long been a place of significance for the people of Lima, making it a popular destination for both locals and tourists seeking to experience a different perspective of the capital.

But Cerro San Cristóbal is more than just a scenic lookout. The hill holds deep religious significance for the residents of Lima. At the peak, you’ll find a large cross that has become a symbol of the city. 

This cross, which is illuminated at night, was first erected in the 16th century by Spanish conquistadors as a testament to their Christian faith. Since then, the cross has been a site of pilgrimage, especially during Holy Week, when devout Catholics make the journey up the hill as an act of faith.

The hill’s religious importance is further highlighted by the annual procession that takes place on Good Friday. Thousands of pilgrims ascend the steep paths leading to the summit, often carrying wooden crosses, to seek blessings and reflect on their spiritual journey. This tradition underscores the hill’s enduring role as a spiritual beacon for the people of Lima.

At the summit, in addition to the impressive cross, there is a small museum that provides insights into the history and cultural importance of Cerro San Cristóbal. The museum displays artefacts and photographs that tell the story of the hill and its role in Lima’s development over the centuries.

The recommended way is to visit with an Uber and then ask for the driver to wait for you while you explore the museum and admire the view from the top. Some locals said it is not safe to go there by yourself. 

Tips for visiting Lima’s historical centre

Here are my best tips for exploring Lima’s Historical Centre:

• Wear comfortable shoes
• Bring sun protection (sunscreen, hat, scarf, sunglasses)
• Go on a free walking tour to learn more about the main buildings in Lima 
• If you want to go more in-depth, hire a local guide
• Eat at one of the local restaurants and skip the big international restaurant chains
• Go early
• Hydrate yourself (tap water is not drinkable in Lima)
• Go shopping after you finish visiting (shops stay open until late, but most attractions close around sunset time)
• The area is very safe, so don’t be afraid to spend the entire day around Lima’s downtown
• Don’t be afraid to ask locals for help if you need 

For more practical travel tips for Lima, check out my complete travel guide to Lima.

Ready to explore Lima’s historical centre?

Well, you should definitely put the centre part of Lima on your itinerary when planning the trip to Peru’s capital city. 

Lima’s Historical Centre is a captivating journey through time, offering a rich tapestry of colonial architecture, vibrant plazas, and cultural landmarks that tell the story of Peru’s capital. No wonder it is one of the best things to do in Lima.

As you wander the streets of this UNESCO World Heritage site, you’ll encounter not only the architectural splendours of bygone eras but also the living culture of Lima today. 

I loved this part of Lima; it is very safe to go there by yourself, and there are many tours that will take you there if you don’t feel like going alone. Also, most of the locals I met in Peru were some of the friendliest people on Earth, so don’t be afraid to ask for advice or help if you need it. 

Here’s the video from this tour of Lima’s historical centre: